Certain phosphorus containing amidine compounds as insecticides and acaricides

ABSTRACT

COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA:   R-P(=X)(-R1)-N=C(-R2)-NH2   IN WHICH R IS LOWER ALKYL OR LOWER ALKOXY; R1 IS LOWER ALKOXY OR LOWER ALKYLTHIO; R2 IS HYDROGEN, LOWER ALKYL, PHENYL; MONO OR DI-SUBSTITUTED PHENYL; AND X IS OXYGEN WHEN R1 IS LOWER ALKYLTHIO AND SULFUR WHEN R1 IS LOWER ALKOXY AS INSECTICIDES AND ACARICIDES, AND A PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE COMPOUNDS ABOVE HAVING X BE OXYGEN.

United States Patent Office 3,826,830 Patented July 30, 1974 a 826 830 CERTAIN rnosrnonus ,CONTAINING AMIDINE COMPOUNDS AS msnc'ncmns AND ACARI- CIDES Ferenc M. Pallos, Pleasant Hill, Calif., assignor to Stautfer Chemical Company, New York, N.Y.

No Drawing. Application Jan. 11, 1971, Ser. No. 105,688,

new Patent No. 3,758,685, which is a division of application Ser. No. 885,263, Dec. 15, 1969, now Patent No. 3,734,980. Divided and this application July 31, 1972, Ser. No. 276,863

Int. Cl. A01n 9/36 US. Cl. 424-211 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Compounds of the formula:

i -N=CNH:

in which -R is lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; R is lower alkoxy or lower alkylthio; R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl; mono or di-substituted phenyl; and X is oxygen when R is lower al'kylthio and sulfur when R is lower alkoxy as insecticides and acaricides, and a process for preparing the compounds above having X be oxygen.

in which R is lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms; R is lower alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, or lower alkylthio having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms; R is hydrogen, lower alkyl having '1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably '1 to 3 carbon atoms; phenyl; mono or di-substituted phenyl in which the substituents are lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen or nitro; and X is oxygen when R is lower alkylthio and sulfur when R is lower alkoxy.

Representative compounds are as follows:

0,0-dimethyl thionophosphoryl butyramidine 0,0-dibutyl thionophosphoryl butyramidine QS-dimethyl phosphoryl butyramidine 0,'S-dibutyl phosphoryl butyramidine O-methyl, methyl thionophosphonyl butyramidine O-butyl, butyl thionophosphonyl butyramidine -methyl,methyl phosphonyl butyramidine O-bu-tyhbutyl phosphonyl butyramidine O-methyl, O butyl thionophosphoryl butyramidine O-buty], S-methyl phosphoryl butyramidine O-methyl, butyl thionophosphonyl butyramidine O-butyl, methyl phosphonyl butyramidine O,S-dimethyl phosphoryl for-mamidine O,S-dimethyl phosphoryl acetamidine O,S-dimethyl phosphoryl heptamidine O,S-dimethyl phosphoryl benzamide O,S;dime'thyl phosphoryl chlorbenzamidine O,S-dimethyl phosphoryl methylbcnzamidine O,S-dimethyl phosphoryl nitrobenzamidine.

Compounds having the formula:

in which R and R are as defined and R is lower alkyl having \1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, can be prepared by the following reaction:

in which R, 'R and R are as stated.

Preferably about 2 moles sodium hydroxide or other suitable acid acceptor is added with heavy stirring to an aqueous solution of equal mole amounts of the reactants. The reaction is exothermic and heating is not normally necessary, but can be used. After the reaction is complete the reaction product, normally an oil, can be recovered by conventional extraction techniques.

The process of this invention for preparing compounds of the formula: 4

in which R is lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms; R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms; phenyl, mono or di-substituted phenyl in which the substituents are lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen or nitro; and R is lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms by reacting a compound of the formula:

\IIIN=CNHI Il -0 1's in which R and R are as defined and R is lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with a compound of the formula:

in which R is as defined. The process of this invention can be depicted by the following equation:

R s \H PN=(l3-NH R 1 R -O R 4.

in which R, R R and R are as stated.

No special reaction conditions are necessary for the process of this invention. It proceeds at room temperature, however, heating to reflux accelerates the reaction. Preferably, a solvent is used but is not necessary. The iodide reactant can be used as the solvent if desired, if used in large enough excess. Preferably, at least an equal mole amount of the iodide reactant should be used for a complete reaction.

Preparation of the compounds of this invention and the process of this invention is illustrated by the following examples.

3 EXAMPLE I 0,0-dimethyl thionophosphoryl bu'tyramidine i (CH=O);PN=(}JC3H1 24.5 gr. (0.2 mole) butyramidine-HC1 is dissolved in 150 ml. water. 32.0 gr. (0.2 mole) 0,0-dimethylphosphoro chloridothioate is added and 16.0 gr. (0.4 mole) NaOH in 80 ml. H O is dropped in under heavy stirring. The reaction is slightly exothermic and the temperature goes up to 39 C. Stirring is continued for one hour. The reaction product is extracted with ether four times, ether dried over MgSO filtered, and stripped. The reaction product is confirmed to be the above structure. Yield: 36.0 gr. colorless oil. N =1.5l60.

EXAMPLE II O,S-dimethyl phosphoryl butyramidine 28.0 gr. of the reaction product of Example 1 and 100.0 m1. methyliodide are stirred and refluxed for 4 hours followed by cooling. The methyliodide is stripped yielding a white solid. This solid product is stirred with a small amount of cold ether for 10 minutes, filtered, yielding 22.0 gr. crystalline solid, mp. 9l-94 C. which corresponds to the reaction product shown above.

The following is a table of certain selected compounds that are preparable according to the procedure described hereto. Compound numbers are assigned to each compounds and are used throughout the remainder of the application.

"Prepared in Example II.

INSECTIC-IDAL EVALUATION TESTS The following insect species were used in evaluation tests for insecticidal activity:

(1) Housefiy (HF)Musca domestica (Linn.)

(2) Milkweed Bug (MWB)-Oncpeltus fasciatus (Dallas) (3) Lygus Bug (LB)-Lygus hesperus (Knight) (4) Bean Aphid (BA)--Aphis fabae (Scop.)

The Housefly (HF) was used in evaluation tests of A selected compounds as insecticides by the following procedure. A Stock solution containing ,ug./ml. of the toxicant in an appropriate solvent was prepared. Aliquots of this solution were combined with 1 milliliter of an acetone-peanut oil solution in a glass Petri dish and allowed to dry. The aliquots were there to achieve desired toxicant concentration ranging from 100 ig/per Petri dish to that at which 50% mortality was attained. The Petri dishes were placed in a circular cardboard cage, closed on the bottom with cellophane and covered on top with cloth netting. Twenty-five female houseflies, three to five days old, were introduced into the cage and the percent mortality was recorded after 48 hours. The LD values are expressed in terms of g. per 25 female flies. The result of this insecticidal evaluation tests are given in Table II under HF.

In the Milkweed Bug (MWB) test, two-week old nymphs of Milkweed Bug (MWB) were placed in separate circular cardboard cages sealed on one end with cellophane and covered by a cloth netting on the other. Aliquots of the toxicants, dissolved in an appropriate solvent, were diluted in water containing 0.002% of a wetting agent, Sponto 221 (a polyoxyether of alkylated phenols blended with organic sulfonates). Test concentrations ranged from 0.1% downward to that at which 50% mortality was obtained. Each of the aqueous suspensions of the candidate compounds were sprayed onto the insect through the cloth netting by means of a handspray gun. Percent mortality in each case recorded after 72 hours, and the LD values expressed as percent of toxicant in the aqueous spray was recorded. These values are reported under the column MWB in Table II.

The Lygus Bug (LB) Lygus hesperus was tested similarly as the Milkweed Bug, except ten to twenty-five insects were used per cage. The caged insects were sprayed with the candidate compounds at concentrations ranging from 0.05% downward to that at which 50% mortality was obtained. After twenty-four and seventy-two hours, counts were made to determine living and dead insects. The LD (percent) values were calculated. These values are reported under the column LB in Table II.

The insect species Black Bean Aphid (BA) Aphis fabae (Scop.) was also employed in the test for insecticidal activity. Young nasturtium (Tropaeolum sp.) plants, approximately 2 to 3 inches .tall, were used as the host plants for the bean aphid. The host plant was infested with approximately 50-75 of the aphids. The test chemical was dissolved in acetone, added to water which contained a small amount of Sponto 22l, an emulsifying agent. The solution was applied as a spray to the infested plants. Concentrations ranged from 0.05 percent downward until an LD value was achieved. These results are given in Table II under the column BA.

ACARICIDAL EVALUATION TEST The two-spotted mite (28M), Tetranychus urticae (Koch) was employed in tests for miticides. Young pinto bean plants or lima bean plants (Phaseolus sp.) in the primary leaf stage were used as the host plants. The young pinto bean plants were infested with about 100 mites of various ages. Dispersions of candidate materials were prepared by dissolving 0.1 gram in 10 ml. of a suitable solvent, usually acetone. Aliquots of the toxicant solutions were suspended in water containing 0.002% v./v. Sponto 22l, a polyoxyethylene ether sorbitan monolaurate, an emulsifying agent, the amount of water being sufiicient to give concentrations of active ingredient ranging from 0.05% to that at which 50% mortality was obtained. The test suspensions were then sprayed on the infested plants to the point of run off. After 7 days, mortalities of the post-embryonic form was determined. The percentage of kill was determined by comparison with control plants which had not been sprayed with candidate compounds. The LD value was calculated using well-known procedures. These values are reported under the column ZSM-PE in Table II.

SYSTEMIC EVALUATION TEST This test evaluates the root adsorption and upward diatomaceous earth, various flours such as walnut shell, wheat, soya bean, cottonseed and so forth.

Liquid compositions are also useful and normally comprise a dispersion of the toxicant in a liquid media, although it may be convenient to dissolve the toxicant ditranslocation of the candidate systemic compound. The 5 rectly in a solvent such as kerosene, fuel oil, xylene, altwo-spotted mite (28M), Tetranychus urticae (Koch) kylated naphthalenes or the like and use such organic and the Bean Aphid (BA) Aphis ,fabae (Scop.) were solutions directly. However, the more common procedure employed in the test for systemic activity. is to employ dispersions of the toxicant in an aqueous Young pinto bean plants in the primary leaf stage were 10 medium and such compositions may be produced by formused as host plants for the two-spotted mite. The pinto ing a concentrated solution of the toxicant in a suitable bean plants were placed in the bottles containing 200 organic solvent followed by dispersion in water, usually ml. of the test solution and held in place With cotton with the aid of surface active agents. The latter, which plugs. Only the roots were immersed. The test solutions may be anionic, cationic or non-ionic types, are exempliwere prepared by dissolving the compounds to be tested fied by sodium stearate, potassium oleate, and other alkain a suitable solvent, usually acetone, and then diluting line metal soaps and detergents such as sodium lauryl with distilled water. The final acetone concentration never sulfate, sodium naphthalene sulfonate, sodium alkyl naphexceeded about 1 percent. The toxicants were initially thalane sulfonate, methyl cellulose, fatty alcohol ethers, tested at a concentration of 10 parts per million (ppm). polyglycol fatty acid esters and other polyoxyethylene sur- Immediately after the host plant was placed in the test face active agents. The proportion of these agents comsolution, it was infested with the test species. Mortalities monly comprises 1-15% by weight of the pesticidal comwere determined after seven days. positions although the proportion is not critical and may Young nasturtium plants were used as the host plants be varied to suit any particular situation. for the bean aphid. The host plants were transplanted into It is claimed: one pound of soil that had been treated with the candi- 1. A method of controlling insects or acarids comdate compound. Immediately after planting in the treated prising applying to the habitat thereof an insecticidally or soil the plants were infested with the aphids. Concentraacaricidally elfective amount of a compound of the fortions of toxicant in the soil ranged from 10 p.p.m. per mula: pound of soil downward until an LD value was ob- CZHSO tained. Mortality Was recorded after 72 hours. \II

The percentage of kill of each test species was deter- P N:(|3 NH2 mined by comparison with control plants placed in dis- Il tilled water or untreated soil. The LD values were calculated. These systemic test results are reported in Table II under the columns BA-sys and ZSM-sys. 35

TABLE II (LD o values) Percent 2SM- 28M- HF, BA-sys., PE, sys. pg MWB LB BA p.p.m. percent p.p.m,

.1 .03 .03 a .1 .01 .03 3 .1 .03 .03 s .1 .03 .05 3 .1 .05 .05 .03 .05 .03 3 .1 .005 .05 10 .1 .01 .03 3 .1 .05 .03 s .05 .003 .03 3 .008 .01 .008 s .1 .03 .05 .1 .05 .05 10 .1 .05 00s a .1 .05 5

the form of liquids or solids, the latter preferably as homogeneous free-flowing dusts commonly formulated by admixing the active component with finely divided solids or carriers as exemplified by talc, natural clays,

References Cited FOREIGN PATENTS 151,685 11/1962 U.S.S.R.

VINCENT D. TURNER, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 260944 

